Diabetes in Ohio

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Diabetes in Ohio and the Nation

Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic disease that affects millions of persons worldwide. Approximately 17 million people in the United States, or 6.2 percent of the population, have diabetes. While an estimated 11.1 million have been diagnosed, nearly 5.9 million people (or one-third) are unaware that they have the disease. Diabetes can cause devastating complications including heart disease, blindness, kidney failure and gangrene in the leg and foot leading to amputation.

From the Ohio and United States Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Between 1995–2001, the prevalence of diabetes increased in Ohio and throughout the United States.

The prevalence of diabetes increases with age; those over the age of 65 years had the highest rate

Between 1995–2001, being obese or overweight was more common among Ohio adults with diabetes compared to Ohioans without diabetes

In Ohio, between 1995–2001, the percent of persons with diabetes who in the past year had seen a physician, had a dilated eye examination and had their feet examined, fluctuated and did not increase appreciably from year to year.

In Ohio in 2000, persons with diabetes had a higher percent of other chronic medical conditions (high blood pressure, high cholesterol, coronary heart disease, stroke or myocardial infarction) compared to adults without diabetes

In the Ohio Medicaid Program

The prevalence of diabetes increased with age until age 65 years and older

Prevalence of diabetes was higher for females than for males; this was true across all races

Black and other females 45–64 years old had the highest diabetes prevalence rates of all racial-gender-age groups

In Fiscal Year 2000, Ohio’s Medicaid Program expenditures were more than $7 billion. More than 8 percent ($612 million) was spent on health care for recipients (Fee-for service) diagnosed with diabetes.

Ohio Medicare

In 2001, Medicare covered 1.1 million Ohioans ages 18–75 years old. Of these,9 percent (102,954) were persons diagnosed with diabetes.

Black women and men age 66–75 years old had the highest prevalence of diabetes of all racial gender-age groups

In 1999, diabetes was the fifth leading cause of death for Ohioans

Blacks died more often from diabetes than whites

In 1999, the overall age-adjusted diabetes mortality for Ohio was 32 per 100,000, compared to the national rate of 25 per 100,000 persons.

Between 1995–2001, there were no significant differences in diabetes prevalence rates among U.S. and Ohio men and women

In 2000, Hispanics had an estimated prevalence that tended to be higher (nearly 11 percent) than the rate for blacks or whites

Diabetes mellitus was most common among those over the age of 65

In 1995, the prevalence rates for those 65 years of age and older in Ohio and U.S. were 9.4 percent and 11 percent respectively.

By 2001, the Ohio diabetes prevalence rate had increased notably, equaling that of the nation (14.9 percent) Ohio’s population in 1995 was 11.2 million.

In 2025 that number is estimated to increase slightly to 11.7 million.

The proportion of Ohio's population classified as elderly was 13.4 percent in 1995 and is expected to rise to 19.6 percent by 2025. Due to the anticipated increase in the percent of elderly Ohioans, an increase in the percent of aged persons with diabetes is also expected.

The prevalence of diabetes increases as a person’s income level decreases.

In Ohio, in 2000, diabetes was more common in adults with a household income of less than $25,000 compared to adults with diabetes whose annual household income was over $75,000.

The prevalence of diabetes decreases as a person’s education level increases. Those with less education appear to be more likely to develop diabetes.

Adults who are overweight or obese are at increased risk for diabetes.

In 2000, 75 percent of Ohio adults with diabetes were overweight or obese compared to 56 percent of adults without diabetes.

Between 1995–2001,being obese or overweight was more common among Ohio adults with diabetes compared to Ohioans without diabetes.

Lack of physical activity is a risk factor for diabetes. Between 1996–2000, the percent of Ohio adults with diabetes who reported no physical activity was higher compared to persons without diabetes.

In 2000, 23 percent of adults with diabetes compared to 29 percent of adults without diabetes reported doing little or no regular exercise.

Between 1996–2001, the percentage of adult Ohioans with diabetes who currently smoke was less compared to adults without diabetes.

More adults with diabetes (36 percent) were former smokers compared to adults without diabetes (22 percent).

Smoking can cause an increase in morbidity and mortality among persons with diabetes.

In Ohio between 1995–2001, the percentage of persons with diabetes who in the past year had seen a physician, had a dilated eye examination and had their feet checked fluctuated and did not increase appreciably from year to year.

The percentage of Ohioans with diabetes who received an influenza vaccine (flu shot) declined notably in 2001 compared to previous four years.

The percentage of persons with diabetes that ever received the pneumonia vaccine had increased from 38 percent in 1997 to more than 50 percent by 2000.

In Ohio in 2000, persons with diabetes had a higher percentage of other chronic medical conditions ( high blood pressure, high cholesterol, coronary heart disease, stroke and heart attack) compared to adults without diabetes.

Most notable was high blood pressure among persons with diabetes (64 percent) compared to adults without diabetes (22 percent).

Adopted from: The Burdens of Diabetes in Ohio. Ohio Diabetes Prevention and Control Program, Division of Prevention, Ohio Department of Health. 2004. DeFiore-Hyrmer, J., Duffy, R and Kim, S. (Authors).

DeFiore-Hyrmer J., Duffy R., and Kim S., (2004 April). The Burden of Diabetes in Ohio, Columbus, OH: Chronic Disease and Behavioral Epidemiology, Ohio Department of Health.

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